Improvement in telegraph-relays



UNITED STATES PATENT CFFIGE.

, PATRICK B. DELANY, OF WTASIIINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

l IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPH-RELAYS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 152,281, dated June 23, 1874; application tiled November 2S, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK BERNARD DELANY, of Washington city, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tclegraphic Relay Y Magnets; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and 'use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this speciiication.

It is well known to telegraphers that there is great diiiieulty on leaky lines in adjusting the retractile springs of telegraphic relays at any station to correspond with the electric tension at rsuch station. Taking terminal stations, for instance, it at one such station an opcra-tor adjusts his relay to get the writin from the other terminal, the tension of his spring will be so great that when he transmits his own armature will not respond promptly; or, as is commonly called, it will drag,77 thus conA fusing his own writing. At way-stations the same dilliculty is experienced, diii'erent adi justmcnts being required to receive from either terminal, according to the condition of the line as regards distance and insulation upon the side received from. Again, in working telegraphic lines, the signals are given by inA terrupting the continuity of the circuit. It' there be a battery, as there usually is, at each terminal, the battery at the terminal not transmitting is constantly in connection with the line-wire, and yet, while the connection at the other terminal is interrupted, there is a constant current escaping therefrom through leaks, &c., often so strong on leaky lines as to keep the instruments ot'waystations (especv ially those near thereto) closed, so that the signals from the tra-nsn'iittin g terminal station are not heard at such way-station. Now, the object of this invention is to lessen, if not entirely obviate, these diiiiculties resulting from leaky lines; and, to accomplish this, I dispense with the back yoke ordinarily found in two-spool electro-magnets, in such case making them substantially two straight electromagncts, and place a pivoted armature at each end. Where a straight one spool core has been used, I apply an armature to each end. These armatures have retractile springs of diii'erent tensions, so that a strong current will affect both, or a weak current the one having a spring of slight tension. This forms the first part of my invention.

The second part consists in placing one armature ot' a relay so constructed directly in the main-line circuit. The front and back stops of such armature are both connected to the main lin e, the path ot' the current bein g through the electro-magnets, the armature, and one of its stops. It follows, then, that when the armature is movin from one stop to the other the main line is completely broken, thus giving notice to all stations, and especially those whose relay-magnets would be held closed by the current from leaks, that the line is in use.

For a more comprehensive explanation, ret'- erence is made to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, forming part ot' this specification, in which- Figure l is a diagram view of a relay embodying the first part of myinvention, and Fig. 2 is a diagram view of a relay embodying the second part ot' my invention.

Referring to Fig. l, 5 5 is the main line, passing through A and C, which are the spools of an ordinary electro-magnet; but, instead of being connected by a back yoke, so as to form, as usual, a horseshoemagnet, the back yoke is dispensed with, and each becomes, in fact, a straight electro magnet. At each end armature-levers F G are pivoted, bearing the ordinary armatures, which play between the stops cj'and c j". As shown in the drawing, there are two soun ders, D E, and local batteries B B ,with their circuits 6 6 and 7 7, the armature F, and stopf, and forming part ot' the circuit 6 (i, and Gf forming part ot' the circuit 7 7. Instead of this arrangement, however, both armatures and stops may form parts ot' branches of one local circuit, in which a sounder is placed, as indicated by dotted lines S 9. The eli'ect, in both cases, is the same, both armatures, when affected, operating to close sonmler-circuits.

The operation of this device is as follows: It', at a terminal station, the operator adjusts the spring of one armature-say of Gr-so as to just get his own writing, and ot the other, F, so as just to get the writing of the other terminal, now, although there may be great ditterence in the strength ot' current, when either station is writing, one armature will respond promptly, and enable the message to be read without ditliculty. It' the relay be used at an intermediate station, the springs are adjusted, one for either terminal, and the same result is obtained.

lreferring to Fig. 2, A C' are the spools of an electro-magnet, having armatures F G', arranged as described in Fig. l. The lever F has, however, no retractile spring, but is held away from the magnets by the additional niagnet II, acting on additional armature K on such lever. This magnet II is ina circuit from the local battery I3', which circuit is closed through such magnet whenever the lever G is at its back stop through such lever, back stop d, and circuit i 3 3. rIhe sounder I is in a circuit from the same battery through lever G', its iront stop e, and circuit I l 4, so, when the main-line circuit l L is broken, its retractile spring draws back G, which closes the circuit- J 3, -ausing the magnet II to d aw back F. The main line l 2, however, passes through both contact-points a b of F, through F', the magnets, and thence to the line. Hence, it follows that every movement of F' completely destroys, for an instant, the continuity of the circuit. Now, there may be upon the line such an amount of leakage from either end as would cause the armatures at any of the waystations to stick, and thus leaving the operators at suoli stations in ignorance of the lineis being used, it' the ordinary relays be used; but, if the relays be thus arranged, the nievement of F' causing a complete break in the circuit, all ot' such waystation relays will reA spend, thus showing that the line is in use.

Vhile I have described my invention as applied to relays, I have done so only for convenient illustration, as it may be applied to magnets used for many other purposes.

Having thus described my invention. what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A relay having' two armatures and two armature-levers, capable ot' diii'erent adjustments, substantially as and i'or the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with a relay-magnethavin g two armatures, the additional magnet, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with a telegraphic circuit, an armature and its stops, arranged to monientaril y break such circuit on the movement ot' the armature between its stops, substantiall y as and for the purpose set forth.

et. In combination with a relay having two armatures, one or more sounders, the circuits of which are closed by the movement ot' either armature of the relay, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

PATRICK BERNARD DELAXY.

Witnesses FRED. W. toren, II. D. Roniwson. 

